طراحی مدل مفهومی فرسودگی هیجانی ناشی از حضور مداوم در شبکه‌های اجتماعی

هانیه موسویان; شهرام جعفریان

doi:10.61838/987846

Authors

Hanieh Mousavian Department of Educational Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Author
Shahram Jafarian Department of Cognitive Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61838/987846

Keywords:

Emotional exhaustion, Social media, Social media fatigue, Thematic analysis, Information overload, Fear of missing out

Abstract

This study aimed to develop a conceptual model of emotional exhaustion resulting from continuous presence on social media among adult users in Tehran. This qualitative study was conducted using thematic analysis. Participants were 21 active social media users in Tehran who were selected through purposive sampling with attention to diversity in gender, age, educational level, and patterns of social media use. Inclusion criteria included daily and continuous social media use and the subjective experience of fatigue, psychological pressure, emotional depletion, or reduced emotional energy after using social networking platforms. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews, and interviewing continued until theoretical saturation was reached. All interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using NVivo software through a systematic process of coding, theme development, theme review, and conceptual integration. Data analysis led to the identification of five main themes: cognitive and emotional overload, social comparison and evaluation anxiety, compulsive connectivity and fear of missing out, erosion of boundaries between online and offline life, and defensive withdrawal accompanied by digital ambivalence. The proposed conceptual model indicated that social media-related emotional exhaustion emerges from the interaction of platform stimuli, relational pressures, continuous information processing, self-monitoring, social comparison, and difficulty disconnecting. Reported consequences included irritability, reduced concentration, communication fatigue, sleep disturbance, emotional emptiness, and intermittent intentions to reduce or discontinue social media use. Emotional exhaustion associated with continuous social media presence is a multidimensional phenomenon that cannot be explained merely by screen time. Rather, it depends on the quality of users’ exposure to information, relationships, comparisons, response expectations, and psychological boundaries. The proposed model may provide a useful basis for designing interventions focused on digital literacy, emotional self-regulation, and healthy online engagement.

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