طراحی مدل مفهومی تنظیم هیجان در افراد دارای رفتارهای خودآسیب‌رسان غیرخودکشی

مینا قاسمی

doi:10.61838/35431

Authors

Mina Ghasemi Department of Clinical Psychology, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61838/35431

Keywords:

non-suicidal self-injury, emotion regulation, thematic analysis, conceptual model, semi-structured interview, Tehran

Abstract

This study aimed to design a conceptual model of emotion regulation among individuals with non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors. This qualitative study was conducted using an inductive thematic analysis approach. The research population consisted of individuals with a history of non-suicidal self-injury in Tehran. Participants were selected through purposive and theoretical sampling, and recruitment continued until theoretical saturation was reached. A total of 24 participants, including 14 women and 10 men aged 18 to 34 years, participated in the study. Data were collected exclusively through semi-structured interviews. After informed consent was obtained, interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using NVivo software. Credibility and trustworthiness were strengthened through participant checking, peer review, analytic memo writing, and constant comparison of codes and categories. Data analysis led to the extraction of five main categories: “accumulation of intolerable emotions,” “difficulty identifying and accepting emotions,” “self-injury as immediate emotion regulation,” “the cycle of shame, secrecy, and renewed tension,” and “repairing factors and alternative pathways of emotion regulation.” The conceptual model indicated that, for many participants, non-suicidal self-injury was not experienced as an intention to die, but as a rapid, bodily, and short-term strategy for reducing emotional tension, interrupting rumination, ending emotional numbness, or punishing the self. The findings suggest that non-suicidal self-injury can be understood as a cycle involving emotional dysregulation, impaired affective processing, bodily discharge of distress, temporary relief, and the return of shame. Therefore, effective clinical interventions should move beyond behavioral suppression and focus on emotional literacy, distress tolerance, reduction of self-criticism, interpersonal skills, and the development of alternative emotion-regulation pathways.

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